Lincoln wanted all the Confederate States to join back the union and he did that by issuing the Emancipation Proclamation which basically stated that if the Confederate states did not join the Union by January 1, 1863 then all slaves would be freed.
North America perceived the soviet as cultural and a economic threat
the allies declared war on germany
McChulloch v. Maryland (1819), the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had the implied power to create the Second Bank of the United States, and Maryland could not tax it.
One society living under one government is a State.