Answer:D) noise.
Explanation:
Noise is unwanted sound that usually comes in an unpleasant way that tends to be loud , which usually disrupt our focus and our own conversation and our ability to hear others around us.
It usually can't be interpreted by our brain because it comes all at once with different sounds all combined together.
When people keep talking over you whilst you are talking to someone else it becomes hard to focus on your message with their voices over you , this is what happening to Ivan.
Whilst he is trying to process and encode his message to the customer the voices of his colleagues are disruptive to this.
In association research, when the relationship between two variables changes depending on the level of a third variable, the third variable is called <u>a moderator</u>
<h3>What are Moderating variables?</h3>
- Moderating Variables — In association research, when the relationship between two variables changes depending on the level of a third variable, the third variable is called a moderator. Gender moderates the relationship between extroversion and group conversations
- A moderating variable can be qualitative (non-numerical values like race, socioeconomic class or sex) or quantitative (numerical values like weight, reward level or age). For example: According to the American Psychological Association, stress has a bigger impact on men than women.
- In correlation, a moderator is a third variable that affects the correlation of two variables. In a causal relationship, if x is the predictor variable and y is an outcome variable, then z is the moderator variable that affects the casual relationship of x and y.
To learn more about moderating variables from the given link
brainly.com/question/27817897
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