The United States gained it’s independence by The American Revolution, which would be 4.
Answer:
The government had stayed out of the economy for a while. This lack of regulation caused the stock market to crash, excessive use of create, overproduction of consumer goods, a weak farm economy, etc. The tarrifs were also very high. The government had to intervene in order to balance the economy and help many Americans by balancing the distribution of income.
Causes: Southern economy and infrastructure needs rebuilding after the Civil War, Radical Republicans passed laws to restructure southern governments
Effects: Women begin fighting for political rights, African Americans have more rights and influence, Southern states have to rejoin the union
Following the Pullman strike companies appealing to the courts to issue orders against unions were usually "rewarded", since this strike largely turned American public opinion against large labor unions.