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Here is your answer:
Your answer is "During the 1930s, extreme drought and high winds made life incredibly difficult in the Great Plains region of the United States."
Is sentence tells that during the 1930s there were extreme droughts which made life difficult then it goes on about facts about the drought and what happened!
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In the first question the correct answer is "concerns" because works in the same literary movements often show the spirit of the time. In the second question the correct answer is "Transcedentalism", with representatives such as Thoreau, Emerson, Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman.
