Trenches are formed by subduction, a geophysical process in which two or more of Earth's tectonic plates converge and the older, denser plate is pushed beneath the lighter plate and deep into the mantle, causing the seafloor and outermost crust (the lithosphere) to bend and form a steep, V-shaped depression.
At divergent plate boundaries, earthquakes tend to be weak and shallow. Transform plate boundaries, have shallow, but very powerful earthquakes. At convergent plate boundaries, where two continental plates collide earthquakes are deep and also very powerful.
Recall that there are three types of plate boundaries: convergent, divergent, and transform. Volcanism occurs at convergent boundaries (subduction zones) and at divergent boundaries (mid-ocean ridges, continental rifts), but not commonly at transform boundaries.
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Answer:
D. troposphere; stratosphere
Explanation:
The ozone layer is a region in the upper part of the earth that is rich in ozone content (three molecules of oxygen or trioxygen O3). This layers extends as a blanket over the earth's globe as it absorbs the dangerous ultraviolet radiation from the sun preventing it from reaching the earth surface.
Ozone is a potential air pollutant when found in the ground level of the earth, the troposphere. It causes greenhouse gases, contributes to climate change and global warming threatening the health of living things at this region. However, Ozone is useful in the stratosphere where it helps in trapping incoming radiation from the Sun that would have been harmful to life on the earth.
Much of Earth's water is thought to have come from asteroids impacting the planet early in its history. Image via NASA/Don Davis. The surface of the very young Earth was initially an ocean of magma. Hydrogen and noble gases from the solar nebula were drawn to the planetary embryo, forming the first atmosphere.
Cobalt is an essential material that is mainly used in lithium ion batteries which are found in smartphones and some electric vehicles. Congo provide majority of the worlds supply of cobalt. Although having a surplus of valuable materials, Congo is one of the poorest nations. Because of the lack of money, those who mine cobalt in the Congo do not used power tools, gloves or mask, but instead they use their hands. With that, the miners would be exposed to high level of cobalt. Lung disease and heart failure have been linked to high levels of cobalt, and the mines that produces it are blamed for destroying landscapes, polluting water sources, contaminated crops and a loss of soil fertility.
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