Lords provided loyalty and military service. They were given land for their service.
I'd say, there are many ways to answer this. The best way is to use wikipedia and other web pages similar to that.
In industrial cities there were better chance at getting a job. The ethnic neighborhoods were crowded and dirty. Most immigrants lived in areas where other immigrants from the same country emmigrated from. So you had little Italy, Polish Communities, etc.
After the end of the Civil war, the Republican party was left unchallenged in its authority over the country. It then started the process of Reconstruction of the South. This was faced by vehement opposition from the majority in the South that had supported the Confederate course. Those that supported these reforms were those that had been marginalized in the slavery system in the South. Others that supported the reforms projected to benefit from economic opportunities created by carpetbaggers looking to assert their authority in the south.
