C, Most of the important food crops in Germany had died
Globalization enables countries to access less expensive natural resources and lower cost labor.
I believe it would be animalism philosophy.
Animalism is a philosophy that view human population just like we view animal population. When hunting, a group of animals often led the sole leader to take his share and distribute the rest equally to the rest of its members, which resembles Marxism.
The unfree labors were able to improve the economy of the American society. These unfree laborers were the one manning farms and help in mass production. During this time when the US was concentrating on the agricultural sector, many landowners hired unfree labors. Many landowners would hire them because they have cheap labor and they can work longer than expected working hours.
A is the correct answer because although the other answers are true, the most relevant to the Middle Ages would be A. B would be the answer however crusades were not against Arabs specifically, rather Muslims and Judaism because they wanted the holy land for themselves.