Oil-based economy refers to the world's dependency on petroleum, natural gas and coal for energy. Electricity, diesel fuel, gasoline and kerosene are only some of the commodities that are provided by oil. However, there are negative effects of the processing to the environment. Combustion of oil by cars yield sulfur oxides, nitric oxides and carbon dioxide that participate in ozone depletion and global warming. Therefore, the more-developed nations are working on better technologies to harness renewable energy for sustainability. These energy refer to solar, hydropower, wind, and tidal resources. As of now, there are problems on the cost of developing and perfecting these technologies to maximize the energy source. Unfortunately, if the world shifts to the clean energy-economy, the less developed countries would have to catch up a great deal. These equipment are quite expensive, so for a time-being, only the more developed countries would participate and earn from it.
The historical patterns of the Russian civilization and identity have been influenced by many foreign forces that have variously occupied the Russian landscape.
<h3>What are historical patterns?</h3>
Historical patterns follow the historical development of a people or an entity. For example, the historical patterns of the Russian civilization and identity has been shaped by various foreign forces that occupied the entity since early-recorded histories.
It first started with the early Mongol invasions to the Tsarists regimes. The Slavic, Tatar, Finnic, Vikings, and Steppe people have exercised authority over Russia. Russian then moved to the enlightenment and industrialization ages before resorting to endless revolutions and wars, including experiments with communism and socialism.
Thus, Russia is well-recognized for its political rises to world power levels, including varying upheavals marking its historical patterns.
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