A perfectly competitive firm and a monopolistic firm in the long-run equilibrium face exactly the same demand and cost curves, then they will also <u>earn zero </u><u>economic profits</u><u>, and attain the lowest possible unit costs (D).</u>
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Economic profit is the total revenue minus the total cost of a product produced by a firm. Cost in this term include the measurement of oppotunity cost.
Perfectly competitive firm is a firm in a market with many buyers and sellers and the price of products represents the equililbrium point between supply and demand. A firm in this market has almost no power to affect the product price.
In the long-run, a perfectly competitive firm will earn 0 (zero) economic profit, while earn accounting profits. This condition happens because entry and exit barriers for firms in perfect competitive market is low. Many firms can easily enter and exit the market.
Monopolistic firm is a firm in a market where many firms are producing similar but differentiated products. The entry barriers for thiis market is relatively low and the decisions of any firm do not dirrectly affecting its competitor within the market.
In the long-run, monopolistic firm will earn zero economic profits because the low entry barriers easily allows new competitors to join the market and reduce an old-player firm's demand. This condition push a firm to make its demand curve to be more elastic. Any change in the demand curve will also affecting a firm's marginal revenue curve as well. This situation then leads a firm to no-longer make an economic profit condition.
However, to ensure their sustainability in their respective markets, both firms will attain the lowes possible unit costs to earn accounting profits.
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Answer:
PV $61,399.0165
Explanation:
First, we solve for the present value of the annuity:
3rd year > Annuity Start 25th year end
<-----/----/----/----/----/----/----/----/----/......----/----/----/----/----/---->
^ Present day
C 6,800.00
time 22 years (25 - 3)
rate 0.07
PV $75,216.4354
Now, as this is 3 years from now so we make an additional discount from this lump sum:
Maturity $75,216.4354
time 3.00
rate 0.07000
PV 61,399.0165
that would be the value of the annuity today.
a.
WACC is calculated as –
WACC = (Weight of common stock X Cost of common stock) + (Weight of preferred stock X Cost of preferred stock) + (Weight of debt X After tax cost of debt)
WACC = (64% X 13.4%) + (9% X 6.4%) + (27% X ((1- 40%)*8.1%))
WACC = 10.46%
b. After tax cost of debt is calculated as –
After tax cost of debt = (1- tax rate) X cost of debt pre-tax
After tax cost of debt = ((1- 40%)*8.1%))
After tax cost of debt = 4.86%
Strategic plans are usually put in place in order to increase efficiency and to reduce cost. In the scenario given above, Iris has discovered a loophole in the IT strategic plan, because he is aware that a technology that is meant to reduce cost is not going to do so. Because of this, it is right for Iris to speak up and make that fact known. If he refuses to do this, the goal of the strategic plan to reduce cost will be defeated.