First one is c, and the second one is b.
Answer:
Parliamentarians and Royalist
C. Growth of trade with the Middle East.
Because the Crusaders have ruled the Middle East for awhile, they established connections with some of the people groups there. And even though they lost the war, they still brought back valuable inventions and products (not inventions, like food, etc) that helped europeans in many way
hope this helps
According to Thomas Jefferson, one of the main reasons why governments are created is "<span><span>D) to protect the natural rights of the people," since he was very much in line with Enlightenment thinking in this regard. </span></span>