Answer: Option C - decomposers; they return biotic material to the abiotic component of the Earth
Explanation:
Decomposers are also known as SAPROPHYTES. They feed on and break down dead and decaying remains of plants and animals, thus enabling the release of certain compounds like ammonia, methane gas etc into the environment that then enrich/improve the soil fertility.
Answer:
I think the question is "How might an RNA-based genome results display an increased in infection rate?" because current statement doesn't convey a message clearly.
Explanation:
To answer this question, we need to understand first that what is gene expression. Gene expression is a process in which genetic information is transcribed first to RNA and then into proteins. During transcription stage, only active genes would be transcribed to RNA and all other DNA material don't transcribe at all. Now, if there is an infection, host cell would express only those genes which would actively take part in the defense mechanism, e.g. R-genes, genes involved in production of reactive oxygen species, etc. Hence, to monitor the infection rate, we will look at the RNA-based genome. To do this, we will extract the total RNA and then would sequence it. Then we will annotate the genes and check the relative abundance (differential expression). Finally, we would have a clear that these genes were active against the infection. By doing temporal sampling and sequencing, we would be able to measure the rate as well.
For the second part, potential complications that could arise in doing analysis is the lower amount of RNA, or rapid degradation of RNA in case of presence of RNAses. RNA can be degraded easily at room temperature.
Thomas Malthus was an English scholar and cleric who was known for his views in political science and demography (study of population). His views suggested that population would outpace food the supply of food and that the only vital parameters of population growth were famine, war and diseases. His writings on demography were influential in shaping the economic thinking.
Solution:
The troposphere is the atmospheric layer closest to the planet and contains the largest percentage (around 80%) of the mass of the total atmosphere.
The troposphere is the lowest major atmospheric layer, extending from the Earth's surface up to the bottom of the stratosphere. The troposphere is where all of Earth's weather occurs. It contains approximately 80% of the total mass of the atmosphere.
The troposphere is characterized by decreasing temperature with height (at an average rate of 3.5 degrees F per thousand feet, or 6.5 degrees C per kilometer). In contrast, the stratosphere has either constant or slowly increasing temperature with height.
Thus the right answer is troposphere.
