Answer:
In 1638 Anne Hutchinson was kicked out of Boston for “antinomianism.”
So Anne Hutchinson’s view says good character is not necessary for salvation. This is to be “anti-nonmain” — “against law.” The opposite is to make law central — “legalism.” Legalism goes the opposite way and says good character is what is necessary for salvation. But then how good do you have to be? Is anyone really good enough? Can anyone conform to law enough? Perhaps not. No one is perfect. People have weaknesses, secret needs and habits. So we may need some “antinomianism.” If you aren’t good enough but get the benefit anyway, that’s called forgiveness. It seems like forgiveness must be required to go to heaven. Forgiveness negates the necessity of the law. It says you didn’t follow the law properly but it’s okay. If in reality we’re all a bunch of greedy , then we might need a bit of antinomianism to go to heaven. This fundamental problem of Christian religion goes all the way back to the founding and continues today. It’s an inherent logical problem of Christian faith.
Explanation:
The Varna system in Dharma-shastras divides society into four varnas (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishya and Shudras). Those who fall out of this system because of their grievous sins are ostracised as outcastes (untouchables) and considered outside the varna system. The system which divides Hindus into rigid hierarchical groups based on their karma (work) and dharma (the Hindi word for religion, but here it means duty) is generally accepted to be more than 3,000 years old.
How did caste come about?
Manusmriti , widely regarded to be the most important and authoritative book on Hindu law and dating back to at least 1,000 years before Christ was born, "acknowledges and justifies the caste system as the basis of order and regularity of society".
The caste system divides Hindus into four main categories - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and the Shudras. Many believe that the groups originated from Brahma, the Hindu God of creation. At the top of the hierarchy were the Brahmins who were mainly teachers and intellectuals and are believed to have come from Brahma's head. Then came the Kshatriyas, or the warriors and rulers, supposedly from his arms. The third slot went to the Vaishyas, or the traders, who were created from his thighs. At the bottom of the heap were the Shudras, who came from Brahma's feet and did all the menial jobs.
The main castes were further divided into about 3,000 castes and 25,000 sub-castes, each based on their specific occupation.
Outside of this Hindu caste system were the achhoots - the Dalits or the untouchables.
How does caste work?
For centuries, caste has dictated almost every aspect of Hindu religious and social life, with each group occupying a specific place in this complex hierarchy.
Rural communities have long been arranged on the basis of castes - the upper and lower castes almost always lived in segregated colonies, the water wells were not shared, Brahmins would not accept food or drink from the Shudras, and one could marry only within one's caste.
Answer:
B-Darwin's "The Origin of Species"
Answer:
World War I resulted from a "chain reaction"
Explanation:
This Political cartoon is titled "Der Stänker" which translates to "The Troublemaker".
It was originally published in August 1914, in the German magazine known as Kladderadatsch.
It illustrated the nations of Europe sitting at a table. From the cartoon, it was revealed that the Central Powers in contrast to Russia was unhappy about small Serbia joining the table.
In the following event, out of nowhere, Serbia attack Austria - Hungary from the back. While Germany offers support to Austria, Russia and France made a pact without other nation's knowledge.
Consequently, Austria mauled Serbia, and Germany, in response to the Russia-France pact, allied with the Ottoman Empire. In the background, France wants to ally with Britain.
In the end, Germany and France went into the fight, this caught Britain by surprise, while the new country seems to join the fight, presumably, Japan.
Hence, the best summary for this cartoon is "World War I resulted from a "chain reaction"
