1. The Mexicas' (correct name of the Aztecs) religion, particularly the belief in feeding the Sun/War God, Hutzilopochtli, required human blood in order to stay alive and continue its journey across the skies, had the effect of making the capture of enemy prisoners a priority in war, instead of merely disabling or eliminating them (a far easier task for it exposes warriors less to wounds and fatal injuries). In battle against the <em>Conquistadors, </em>the Mexica practice of seeking out prisoners of war in battle turned out to be a distinct handicap readily exploited by the Spaniards.
2. The Incas managed to maintain control of the vast territories under their control by means of a an excellent communication system consisting of paved roads across the empire, the establishment of fortified military bases garrisoned by Incan warriors and the efficient use of messengers and their distinct record system known as <em>quipu.</em>
<em>3. </em>Both the Mexicas and the Incas started out as small, poor yet resourceful and ambitious peoples who were able to rebel against foreign domination and expand their domains through the creation and maintenance of highly efficient, aggressive and disciplined armies.
Mexicas and Incans differed in the use of their armies after consolidating their empires: the Mexicas waged wars yearly with the purpose of capturing as many prisoners of war as possible in order to offer their lives as sacrifice to their Sun/War God Huitzilopochtli. Conversely, the Incans used their army to garrison fortified posts strategically located throughout their empire in order to avert any chance of rebellion. Also, the way political and military power was exerted was different in each civilization. The Mexicas were ruled by about half a dozen lords called "tlatoanis" who in turn appointed an overlord called "great tlatoani," so their government system was an elective monarchy of sorts. On the other hand, the emperor of the Incas called "Sapa Inca" inherited the power from his father and would usually murder his brothers as they were his rivals for the supreme power. Thus, the Incas had a hereditary monarchy, a more traditional kind of government.
Federalism is a mixed or compound mode of government that combines a general government with regional governments in a single political system. Its distinctive feature, first embodied in the Constitution of the United States of 1789, is a relationship of parity between the two levels of government established.
The name “Canada” likely comes from the Huron-Iroquois word “kanata,” meaning “village” or “settlement.” In 1535, two Aboriginal youths told French explorer Jacques Cartier about the route to kanata; they were actually referring to the village of Stadacona, the site of the present-day City of Québec. For lack of another name, Cartier used the word “Canada” to describe not only the village, but the entire area controlled by its chief, Donnacona.
The name was soon applied to a much larger area; maps in 1547 designated everything north of the St. Lawrence River as Canada. Cartier also called the St. Lawrence River the “rivière du Canada,” a name used until the early 1600s. By 1616, although the entire region was known as New France, the area along the great river of Canada and the Gulf of St. Lawrence was still called Canada.
Soon explorers and fur traders opened up territory to the west and to the south, and the area known as Canada grew. In the early 1700s, the name referred to all French lands in what is now the American Midwest and as far south as present-day Louisiana.
The first use of Canada as an official name came in 1791, when the Province of Quebec was divided into the colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. In 1841, the two colonies were united under one name, the Province of Canada.
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January 29, 1886, Carl Benz
He was the first who applied a patent for his “vehicle powered by a gas engine.” The patent – number 37435 – may be regarded as the birth certificate of the automobile.
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The Columbian Exchange caused population growth in Europe by bringing new crops from the Americas and started Europe's economic shift towards capitalism. Colonization disrupted ecosystems, bringing in new organisms like pigs, while completely eliminating others like beavers.
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