Yes you can cry underwater but you would most likely drown because when you cry, you breathe heavily and trying to breath underwater? lol nah
Through looking at layers of rock you can tell what kind of things transpired. If you find Fish fossils you can assume that at one point in time, there may have been a body of water of some sort. if you find certain plants, you can deduce that there was a forest or a grassy pasture. Or if there are variations in the layer you may be able to tell what kind of soil was there at one point in time, or maybe if there is volcanic rock, you could rightly assume there was a volcanic eruption at some point.
Chairs, Statues, the road, car, bricks, rocks, and binders
The two gasses that make up 99% of the earth's atmosphere are nitrogen and oxygen.
Hope that helped! =)