It was called the Crusades. There was 4 wars that lasted until the late 15th century
The answer is b on edunity
The national government had no national military.
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The manga carts made sure the Kings and queens didn't give biased punishments and rulings. They too had to be under the law to make circumstances fair. The bill of rights also did the same so the government would be representatives of the common people instead of rulers.