Answer:
1. A system of spelling --- Orthography
2. Association or suggestion --- Specialization
3. The process of word gaining a negative meaning --- Pejoration
4. Related or analogous --- Cognate
5. The smallest unit of semantic or grammatical meaning --- Morpheme
6. Restricting in meaning --- Connotation
7. History of a word --- Etymology
8. Inflection of verbs --- Conjugation
Explanation:
1- Orthography is the set of rules and conventions that govern the usual writing system established for a standard language.
2- The specialization is a consequence of the linguistic change. Specialization is a process that reduces the variety of formal choices to express a certain meaning.
3- Pejorative or derogatory is the use of language with a negative purpose for what is designated.
4- In historical linguistics, those terms with the same etymological origin are called cognates.
5- In linguistic morphology, a morpheme is an independent moneme, that is, a minimal fragment capable of expressing a meaning, and that together with a lexeme modifies its definition.
6- Connotations usually come to be the distinctive contextual meanings of certain cultural teachings, which when used by the issuers, are communicated by use in connotative action.
7- Etymology is the study of the origin of individual words, their chronology, their incorporation into a language, as well as the source and details of their changes in form and meaning.
8- Verbal conjugation or verbal flexion is the set of forms of a verb according to the categories of person, number, time, aspect, mode, voice, etc.
