Newspapers flourished, dramatically, in early nineteenth-century America. By the 1830s the United States had some 900 newspapers, about twice as many as Great Britain—and had more newspaper readers, too. The 1840 U.S. census counted 1,631 newspapers; by 1850 the number was 2,526, with a total annual circulation of half a billion copies for a population of a little under 23.2 million people. Most of those newspapers were weeklies, but the growth in daily newspapers was even more striking. From just 24 in 1820, the number of daily newspapers grew to 138 in 1840 and to 254 in 1850. By mid-century the American newspaper industry was amazingly diverse in size and scope. Big city dailies had become major manufacturing enterprises, with highly capitalized printing plants, scores of employees, and circulations in the tens of thousands. Meanwhile, small town weeklies, with hand-operated presses, two or three employees, and circulations in the hundreds were thriving as well.
The causes of this boom in American newspapers were varied and independent in origin, but they were mutually reinforcing. The U.S. population was growing and spreading out to new regions distant from the old seaboard settlements. As new towns formed, new institutions—including newspapers—blossomed. Indiana, for example, had only one newspaper in 1810 but seventy-three by 1840. Politically, America was highly decentralized, with government business conducted at the national, state, county, and town levels. Each of these levels of government needed newspapers, and the new American system of political parties also supported newspapers. Commercially, as new businesses flourished, so did the advertising function of the newspaper press. Rapidly urbanizing cities could even support multiple daily newspapers. The early nineteenth century was also a boom time for religious and reform organization, and each voluntary association needed its newspaper.
The correct answer is: The samurai and daimyo restored the emperor to power and worked to reform Japan.
Indeed, Japan had remained fiercely isolated from the rest of the world for centuries. Japan especially mistrusted Western powers sine they had better technology and were extremely aggressive and powerful. In 1853, American Commodore Matthew C. Perry, arrived with four US military, steam-powered ships which were equipped with very modern and destructive guns. The Japanese had no means to oppose him in any manner and yielded to his demands, that Japan sign an official treaty if trade and commerce with the United States. This treaty, the Convention of Kanagawa angered many of the highest-ranking samurais for whom it was seen as a capitulation. They decided that Japan was way behind Western powers and that unless they imposed radical societal, economic reforms, they would be dominated by the West. They managed to remove Tokugawa Yoshinobu, the last Shogun of Japan and restored the Emperor.
Traditionalist samurais were incensed by this action and a civil war ensued, which reformist samurais were able to win with the help of Western technology and military advisors. Most power was transferred to the Emperor and Japan started massively importing technology and methods of social organization from many different countries in the west.
Historians view the Chester Arthur presidency as an important
surprise, one that no one would have expected. Put simply, he performed
well in office, defying his state-based reputation as a slick machine
politician. Despite his poor health, he attempted to govern competently,
and he succeeded to a degree that was never acknowledged by his fellow
politicians, the press, or the great mass of Americans.
Although Arthur preferred efficient partisan government service to
one selected by competitive examinations, he nevertheless showed
tremendous flexibility and a willingness to embrace reform. By
struggling with the tariff issue (especially being willing to question
the protectionist doctrines of the Republican Party) and supporting the
modernization of the American Navy, Arthur stands as an important
transitional figure in the reunification of the nation after the bitter
turmoil of the Civil War and Reconstruction. No party hack, Arthur
demonstrated how the office of President could bring out the very best
in its occupants.
they were shocked because when they saw a rescued the jews from the camps they had not been fed or given anything to drink and they were treated horribly
the Battle of the coral sea, fought during 4–8 May 1942 and it was a major naval battle in the pacific theater of world war 2 between the japanese empire's navy and naval and air forces from the United States and Australia.
