There are .................... of AMINO ACIDS which join together ........................
Amino acids are the building units of protein. There are basically twenty different types of amino acids which are divided into two classes of essential and non essential amino acids based on their requirements in human nutrition. These amino acids joined together in different manner to form different types of proteins.
The answer is "D"
The body's first line of defense is also known as Innate immunity and incudes mucous membranes. Both the intact skin and mucous membranes of the body offer a high degree of protection against pathogens.
A good example is the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. It is lined up with cilia and covered with mucus. The coordinated beating of the cilia drives the mucus up to the nose and mouth where the trapped bacteria can be expelled.
(Lymph nodes and white blood cells belong to the second line of defense, not the first)
Answer:
three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.
Explanation:
- initiation pertains to the beginning of a state or of a process
- elongation refers to the state, act, or process of lengthening
- termination refers to the state, act, or process of reaching the end or bringing to an end.
Mitosis refers to the procedure of cell division, in which a cell goes through a carefully mediated nuclear division, which results in the production of two genetically similar daughter cells. The mitosis comprises five active stages, that is, prophase, premetaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
In a single-celled species like an amoeba, it is the process of mitosis by which the cells reproduce. After undergoing through the five stages of mitosis, it is via the procedure called cytokinesis, the single cell dissociates into two similar cells, thus, completing the reproduction.
During injury, the process of mitosis takes place to substitute the damaged cells. This repair is mainly essential for the blood vessels and skin that safeguards the organs and muscles in the body. Mitosis also assists to substitute the lost blood via a wound.
Thus, if the process of mitosis would not take place, then the organism would remain a single-cell, asexual reproduction would not take place, and the tissues of the body would not be able to repair themselves.
The substances that protect against oxidative stress and the resultant tissue damage at the cellular level is, option B. Antioxidants. Oxidation can cause imbalance in the body. Antioxidants are used to counteract the damage produced by free radicals. Good natural sources of antioxidants include fruits and vegetables.
