D. It launched several failed efforts to capture British territories in the
region.
Explanation:
- Almost all areas fell into the hands of the British.
- It is also important to note that non-Ottoman subjects refused to help the Ottoman Empire solely because of the nationalist attitude of the Young Turk leadership. Particularly prominent here were the Arabs over whom Cemal, the new Pasha, pursued a policy of terror.
- It frightened the Arab population, but it also increased the will to resist. The Arabs were supported by France and the United Kingdom, and at their instigation Makkah Husain uprising against the Ottoman rule in 1916 and declared himself King of Arabia in October of that year. Anything that was British or French zone of influence became a new independent state inhabited by Arabs.
- Subsequently, a "desert uprising" led by an English colonel and secret agent, Thomas Edward Lawrence, began, and so the Ottoman rule in the Arab countries was increasingly losing influence.
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