After the united states bought the Philippians archipelago from the Spanish in a sum of 20 million dollars, the US occupation of the Philippines has been significant for molding the nation towards its independence. One of its major proponents is American leaders like Roosevelt and Twain who granted the Philippine Islands sovereignty.
A shortage of money
-There was a limited supply gold and other hard currency across the colonies. Also, Paper money was not issued by the government and was not recognized across colonial boundaries. As a result, exchange was mostly conducted through barter trade