Answer:
Explanation:
The proteins in enzymes are usually globular. The intra and intermolecular bonds that hold proteins in their secondary and tertiary structures are disrupted by changes in temperature and pH. This affects shapes and so the catalytic activity of an enzyme is pH and temperature sensitive.
Answer:
plankton
Explanation:
plankton are eaten by pretty much everything as they are so small. they also get food through photosynthesis therefore they do not eat any other animals. i am pretty certain krill eat them but i dont know
Answer: Characteristics: The fins are supported by rays, as the name indicates. In contrast to the cartilaginous fish they have a rigid skeleton. The swim bladder is also a unique feature of most ray-finned fish, enabling them to maintain buoyancy as they move up or down in the water.
People with two copies of the sickle cell gene have the disease. People who carry only one copy of the sickle cell gene do not have the disease, but may pass the gene on to their children. Abnormal hemoglobin, called hemoglobin S, causes sickle cell disease (SCD). The problem in hemoglobin S is caused by a small defect in the gene that directs the production of the beta globin part of hemoglobin. This small defect in the beta globin gene causes a problem in the beta globin part of hemoglobin, changing the way that hemoglobin works.
Because of the presence of both activation and inactivation gates, voltage-gated Na channels can be all of these.
- Sodium voltage-gated channels can be either closed, open, or inactive.
- Voltage-gated sodium channels are closed when at rest. Both an activation gate and an inactivation gate are present in voltage-gated sodium channels.
- Although the inactivation gate is open, the activation gate is closed. This conformation is closed but capable of opening. Some of the activation gates open as a result of membrane depolarization brought on by a stimulus.
- Both the activation and inactivation gates will be opened at this point. As sodium ions enter the cells, nearby activation gates will open.
- A greater amount of sodium will enter the cells as a result, initiating an action potential.
- Both gates open when certain depolarization thresholds are reached. Action potential increases to its maximum as sodium rushes into the cell.
- The inactivation gate will gradually close and the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions will decrease. The channel is now in a state known as "closed but not capable of opening."
- Up until the membrane potential reaches its resting state, this occurs. The channels once more assume the "closed but capable of opening" conformation when resting values are attained.
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