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scZoUnD [109]
3 years ago
10

Many of the original English colonists were religious separatists from the Church of England (e.g., the Pilgrims in Plymouth and

the Puritans in Massachusetts Bay Colony). Why were these groups eager to settle colonies in North America? A. Both the Puritans and the Pilgrims were captive slaves of the colonial settlers. B. as punishment by the King of England C. The Puritan and Pilgrim religious doctrines call for isolationism. D. religious freedom and financial opportunities Explanation Undo
History
2 answers:
Katarina [22]3 years ago
7 0
I think it's C. Please correct me if I'm wrong
jasenka [17]3 years ago
6 0
The correct answer is <span>D. religious freedom and financial opportunities</span>
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Why did so many African countries face difficult challenges after winning their independence?
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<h3>One of the most pressing challenges African states faced at Independence was their lack of infrastructure. European imperialists prided themselves on bringing civilization and developing Africa, but they left their former colonies with little in the way of infrastructure. The empires had built roads and railroads - or rather, they had forced their colonial subjects to build them - but these were not intended to build national infrastructures. Imperial roads and railways were almost always intended to facilitate the export of raw materials. Many, like the Ugandan Railroad, ran straight to the coastline. </h3><h3> </h3><h3> </h3><h3>These new countries also lacked the manufacturing infrastructure to add value to their raw materials. Rich as many African countries were in cash crops and minerals, they could not process these goods themselves. Their economies were dependent on trade, and this made them vulnerable. They were also locked into cycles of dependencies on their former European masters. They had gained political, not economic dependencies, and as Kwame Nkrumah - the first prime minister and president of Ghana - knew, political independence without economic independence was meaningless.  </h3><h3> </h3><h3> </h3><h2>Energy Dependence</h2><h3>The lack of infrastructure also meant that African countries were dependent on Western economies for much of their energy. Even oil-rich countries did not have the refineries needed to turn their crude oil into gasoline or heating oil. Some leaders, like Kwame Nkrumah, tried to rectify this by taking on massive building projects, like the Volta River hydroelectric dam project. The dam did provide much-needed electricity, but its construction put Ghana heavily into debt. The construction also required the relocation of tens of thousands of Ghanaians and contributed to Nkrumah's plummeting support in Ghana. In 1966, Nkrumah was overthrown.  </h3><h3> </h3><h2>Inexperienced Leadership</h2><h3>At Independence, there were several presidents, like Jomo Kenyatta, had several decades of political experience, but others, like Tanzania's Julius Nyerere, had entered the political fray just years before independence. There was also a distinct lack of trained and experienced civil leadership. The lower echelons of the colonial government had long been staffed by African subjects, but the higher ranks had been reserved for white officials. The transition to national officers at independence meant there were individuals at all levels of the bureaucracy with little prior training. In some cases, this led to innovation, but the many challenges that African states faced at independence were often compounded by the lack of experienced leadership. </h3><h3> </h3><h3> </h3><h2>Lack of National Identity</h2><h3>The borders Africa's new countries were left with were the ones drawn in Europe during the Scramble for Africa with no regard to the ethnic or social landscape on the ground. The subjects of these colonies often had many identities that trumped their sense of being, for instance, Ghanaian or Congolese. Colonial policies that privileged one group over another or allocated land and political rights by "tribe" exacerbated these divisions. The most famous case of this was the Belgian policies that crystallized the divisions between Hutus and Tutsis in Rwanda that led to the tragic genocide in 1994. </h3><h3> </h3><h3>Immediately after decolonization, the new African states agreed to a policy of inviolable borders, meaning they would not try to redraw Africa's political map as that would lead to chaos. The leaders of these countries were, thus, left with the challenge of trying to forge a sense of national identity at a time when those seeking a stake in the new country were often playing to individuals' regional or ethnic loyalties.  </h3><h3> </h3><h2>Cold War</h2><h3>Finally, decolonization coincided with the Cold War, which presented another challenge for African states. The push and pull between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) made non-alignment a difficult, if not impossible, option, and those leaders who tried to carve third way generally found they had to take sides.  </h3><h3> </h3><h3>Cold War politics also presented an opportunity for factions that sought to challenge the new governments. In Angola, the international support that the government and rebel factions received in the Cold War led to a civil war that lasted nearly thirty years. </h3><h3> </h3><h3>These combined challenges made it difficult to establish strong economies or political stability in Africa and contributed to the upheaval that many (but not all!) states faced between the late '60s and late '90s. </h3>
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3 years ago
Read the outline.... 15 points
Anna11 [10]
Martin Luther king Jr was a leader and a hero
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3 years ago
Why was ancient Greek divided with a collection of city states?
dlinn [17]

Ancient Greece was divided into a collection of city-states (or Polis) because the population centers were isolated by the many islands, peninsulas and mountains that Ancient Greece had. Because of its geography, it made more sense for each Poli to have a government on their own.

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3 years ago
This act required colonists to purchase special paper with the British seal in order to raise taxes to pay for the French and In
e-lub [12.9K]

<em>The Stamp Act</em>

Explanation:

The Stamp Act was passed in 1765 and was a tax that Great Britain put on the colonists. Paper products such as newspapers and legal documents now had this tax on them, which sometimes contained a seal or a stamp which proved the purchaser paid the tax on the product.

The colonists were not happy with the Stamp Act and they felt as if it was unfair that they were being taxed. They had nobody to vouch for them in the British Parliament, which is called "taxation without representation." They started to get angry and boycott the products that contained the tax, even sometimes becoming violent and harming British merchants.

On the other hand, Great Britain deemed its taxing to be fair. The French and Indian War was expensive and since it was fought on American soil, they believed the colonists should pitch in. They also said the tax was unfair because they were using their own soldiers to protect the colonists.

The colonists still did not agree with this. They were very strongly against the Stamp Act and even being taxed in general. This would eventually start to hurt British merchants and businesses, which made Great Britain realize this tax was doing more harm than good. They then repealed the Stamp Act in 1766.

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3 years ago
Why do the power and popularity of political parties change over time?
Rina8888 [55]

Political parties are legally formed groups oriented to occupy political power. The power of each party is related to the number of elected candidates it possesses. Just as popularity is associated with the number of voters the party can muster. Power and popularity change over time according to their trajectories. The way parties are aligned with their electoral principles and commitments.

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3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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