The DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid along with the protein is known as chromatin. In addition to certain proteins, the DNA is packaged.
Further Explanation:
The genetic information is known to be packaged in 23 sets of chromosomes. In these, histones which are the proteins that aid the molecule of DNA to be very tightly packed in added and also aids in maintaining the double-helical structure of the DNA.
Each chromosome comprises of genes. Gene refers to the sequence of the nucleotides which mainly encode for a protein having a specific function. Allele refers to the variant type of the gene. The nucleotides found in the gene can be adenine, guanine, thymine, uracil, and cytosine. These nucleotides make a DNA or an RNA molecule.
DNA undergoes a replication process wherein duplication of the double-helical structure takes place. It then moves further and forms RNA molecule through a process called transcription. RNA undergoes RNA processing followed by post-transcriptional modifications which further release out mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA molecules. All the 3 kinds of RNA enter into the last phase of central dogma called translation. During this, the proteins are formed.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Molecular Biology
Chapter: Gene Expression
Keywords:
DNA, RNA, concept map, replication, double helical, nucleotides, transcription, proteins, translation, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA.
