I don't know what "this" means here - but Spain, England and Portugal based their empires on their sea explorations and colonizations - all their colonies were not reachable (or only by de-tours) by land.
China, on the other hand was not based on Islands, but connected by land: so here China is the best option.
Recognizing the sovereignty of the Vatican State.
The Due Process Clause guarantees that states will not deny people any basic or essential liberties.
Answer: Option A
<u>Explanation:</u>
In the 5th and the 14th amendments of the constitution of the United States of America, there are due processes provided and guaranteed to the people of the United States by the constitution.
This due process says that the state can in no way deny or deprive the basic rights of the people of the country which are the rights of life, property and the rights of liberty. The due process acts as the safeguard against any action taken for deprivation of these rights.
Boston Tea Party and the Townshend Acts