Interphase: Add mushrooms to represent organelles and a ring of pepperoni to make a nuclear membrane. Strips of peppers would represent the DNA inside the nucleus. To model the end of interphase, double the number of mushrooms on the pizza to indicate the copying of the organelles. Double the number of peppers inside the nucleus to represent the replication of DNA.
Prophase: Pair strips of pepper inside the nucleus to show the formation of chromosome pairs. Strips of aluminum foil would represent spindle fibers.
Metaphase: Line up the pair of peppers along the middle of the pizza. Removing the pepperoni would show the breakdown of the nuclear membrane.
Anaphase: Split up the pairs of peppers, and show the spindle fibers, made of aluminum foil, pulling them to either side of the cell.
Telophase: Make two new nuclear membranes around the pepper strips using pepperoni. Separate the pairs of peppers to show the chromosomes unwinding.
Cytokinesis: Cut the pizza across the middle to show the cell dividing into two daughter cells.
Every cell of the organism has the same DNA sequence and same genes. However, not all genes are expressed in every single cell at the same time. Only those genes necessary for a specialised function of a specialised cell are expressed in the specialised cell. For example, skin cells have some different proteins than nerve cells. Genes responsible for those "skin proteins" are activated in skin cells and are turned off in nerve cells.
Answer:
The amount of energy at each trophic level decreases as it moves through an ecosystem. As little as 10 percent of the energy at any trophic level is transferred to the next level; the rest is lost largely through metabolic processes as heat.
Explanation:
The bones in a bird are hollow, reducing its weight for flight, this is an example of ADAPTATION. The adaptive responses emerge as a consequence of different environmental pressures.
<h3>Adapatation and environment</h3>
Adaptation is an evolutionary process by which organisms adjust to the environment in which they live.
For example, the bones in a bird are hollow because this adaptive feature enables them to fly.
Adaptations are a consequence of the process of natural selection, i.e., the differential survival and reproduction of the fittest organisms.
Learn more about adaptations here:
brainly.com/question/2396978
