There is nothing in the Bible that says God the Father is a created Being or that he made Jesus Christ. If something or someone created him then not only does it mean he is NOT deity (by most people's definition), but it also begs still more questions like who or what created our Creator?
Something has always had to exist, whether it is matter or spirit (e.g. God), intelligent or inanimate. This is because (in a principle going back to ancient Greek philosophy) SOMETHING can never come from or out of NOTHING. A vacuum or void can never produce matter. The universal law of cause and effectstates the principle that what a thing DOES is based on what it IS. Because a void, by its very definition, contains nothing and therefore has nothing as a CAUSE, it cannot produce anything (e.g. matter) as an EFFECT.
Either God, as an intelligent Being, has always existed or matter has. It is either one or the other. Matter could not have always existed since, based on the second law of thermodynamics, if it did all the starswould have all burned out by now. Therefore, the existence of an eternal, all-powerful God is required as the 'first cause' of everything that exists.
The 'Big Bang,' of itself, was not the first or initial cause of the material universe we see today. Rather, God's choice (as the first true 'cause') brought everything into existence using the Big Bang.
In 404 BCE, following the defeat of the Athenian military forces in Sicily, there was an oligarchy of 'the Thirty Tyrants' in Athens which was a particularly brutal regime, noted for its summary executions. Megara and Thebes were other states which had an oligarchic system.
