Answer:
Crosstalk, Jitter, Impulse noise.
Explanation:
Crosstalk is a network error that occurs when one pair of cable causes interference on another pair of cables thereby preventing efficient data transmission.
Jitter may also impair the accuracy of the data being transmitted across network because minute variations in amplitude, phase, and frequency always occur. The generation of a perfect carrier signal in an analog circuit is almost impossible. The signal may be affected by continuous and rapid network gains or phase changes.
Impulse noise (also referred to as spikes) is the primary source of errors in data communications. Impulse noise can be caused by positioning a communications cable near a source of intermittent but strong electromagnetic pulses, such as an elevator motor.
Counter measures
Shielding (protecting wires by covering them with an insulating coating) is one of the best ways to prevent impulse noise, cross-talk.
Amplifiers can be used to increase signal strength since the connection would run across 4 floors.
I think it’s a
if it isn’t a then it’s d
Answer:
e(a) = 0
e(b) = 10
e(c) = 110
e(d) = 1110
Explanation:
The Worst case will happen when f(a) > 2*f(b) ; f(b) > 2*f(c) ; f(c) > 2*f(d) ; f(d) > 2*f(e) and f(e) > 2*f(f).
Where f(x) is frequency of character x.
Lets consider the scenario when
f(a) = 0.555, f(b) = 0.25, f(c) = 0.12, f(d) = 0.05, f(e) = 0.02 and f(f) = 0.005
Please see attachment for image showing the steps of construction of Huffman tree:- see attachment
From the Huffman tree created, we can see that endcoding e() of each character are as follows:-
e(a) = 0
e(b) = 10
e(c) = 110
e(d) = 1110
e(e) = 11110
e(f) = 11111
So we can see that maximum length of encoding is 5 in this case.
