Answer: d. macrosystem and culture
Explanation: This system of classifying stress factors into systems is based on a study carried out by Juster, McEwen & Lupien in 2010. It groups some components into four systems.
Culture is one of the components of the macrosystem. The macrosystem is the most complex system out of all the four and consists of race, culture and religion.
Exosystem includes the immediate surroundings and stress factors include conflicts with neighbors or noise.
Mesosystem: is made up of the networks between the microsystem,
Microsystem: is made up of the one-on one relationships we have with other individuals, as well as our involvement with our immediate institutions. It includes our family, peer group and school/work.
Answer:
Natural resources are materials from the Earth that are used to support life and meet people's needs. Any natural substance that humans use can be considered a natural resource. Oil, coal, natural gas, metals, stone and sand are natural resources. Other natural resources are air, sunlight, soil and water.
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Answer:
<h3>The invention of the printing press, Protestant Reformation, and Counter Reformation all attributed to reformation in Europe.</h3>
Explanation:
Menocchio was born in Italy during 16th Century. He was tried by the Church for heresy and was burnt as stake in 1599. Menocchio challenged the moral principles of religion and gave his own views about the Roman Catholic Church and developed his own theories of God and origin of men.
It really disturbed the Church and he was apprehend by the Inquisition because of his beliefs and ideology. But by this point of time, the Church was already facing a number of problems from the reformists and the protestants.
During the 16th century, the printing press was invented in Europe . It helped Menocchio in sharing his views to a larger mass. More people could easily get access to books and his ideologies spread rapidly.
The Protestant Reformation was also slowly developing in many parts of Europe. This gave Mennochio a platform to share his ideologies. Many other reformers also started to condemn the Church more openly.
Menocchio was warned to denounce his ways and beliefs but was unwilling to obey the instructions of Church because he believed that he did not commit any sin against the Church.
These two cases demonstrate the Equifinality of developmental psychopathology.
<h3>
What is Equifinality?</h3>
- Equifinality is the principle that in open systems, a particular end state can be attained through a variety of possible routes.
- Hans Driesch, a developmental biologist, coined the name and concept, which was later adopted by Ludwig von Bertalanffy, the inventor of general systems theory, and William T. Powers, the founder of perceptual control theory.
- In defining the same or convergent behavior of complex systems, Driesch and von Bertalanffy choose this term over "goal."
- Powers simply emphasized response flexibility, emphasizing that the same end state can be attained via a variety of paths or trajectories.
Therefore, in the given situation Marie is, the two cases demonstrate the Equifinality of developmental psychopathology.
Know more about Equifinality here:
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