The option that is true of genes found on chromosomes is that D. they determine the inherited traits of an organism.
Genes are inherited - so those are the things that we get from our parents and other ancestors. It is easy to determine which of these genes a child is going to inherit - the doctors just need to take a look at the chromosomes, because genes are located there.
The answer would be Linnaeus primarily used physical characteristics.
The number of chromosomes does not correlate with the apparent complexity of an animal or a plant:
in humans, for example, the diploid number is 2n = 46 (that is, 23 pairs), compared with 2n = 78, or 39 pairs, in the dog and 2n = 36 (18) in the common earthworm.
A single test won't put the definitive diagnosis of diabetes. This diagnosis is put on 3 conseccutive measurements and they all have to be more that 125.