I wanna say the answer is the UAE because they control a choke point and are very wealthy.
That is false, all muslims that can financially make the pilgrimage to the holy site of Mecca are required. The holy pilgrimage to Mecca, also called Hajj, is one of the 5 pillars of Islam.
Answer: No it is not. It is part of Astronomy.
The appropriate choice for the non-event is ...
... A. The costs of sewing machines began to increase.
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Interchangeable parts generally reduce costs and increase demand (and production).