Answer: 4th one
Explanation: it would be the 4th one because the correct punctuation would be a commma.
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Ethos, pathos, and logos. Ethos is appealing to the reader by the author establishing his credability. Pathos is appealing to the reader by the author "pulling at the readers heart strings." This means he is illiciting emotions in the reader. Logos is appealing to the reader by the author establishing logic in his argument. These stratagies are used by all authors, not just historical fiction writers.
