Answer:
1.)A monarch known as the "caliph," which means "successor," headed the Caliphate. The caliph was the Muslim world's religious and political official, and was considered the Prophet Muhammad's heir. When did it all start? After Muhammad's death in 632 CE, the Caliphate was established.
Explanation:
B. A bill of rights. you can thank Patrick Henry for that
The Niagara Movement was a civil-rights group founded in 1905 near Niagara Falls. Scholar and activist W. E. B. Du Bois gathered with supporters on the Canadian side of Niagara Falls to form an organization dedicated to social and political change for African Americans. Its list of demands included an end to segregation and discrimination in unions, the courts, and public accommodations, as well as equality of economic and educational opportunity. Although the Niagara Movement had little impact on legislative action, its ideals led to the formation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909.
