Photosynthesis is your answer :)))
The Biblical flood would have caused the death of all life on earth, except for those on the arc, which would have resulted in fossils that are now found. Fossils being found in different layers of rocks could have been a result of how they settled as the waters receded.
Chromatin is a simpler for of a chromosome. For example, in mitosis (somatic cells dividing) chromatin is in the nucleus, however when it condenses, it forms chromosomes.
The gel like substance inside the cell but outside of the nucleus is known as <em>Cytoplasm </em>