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SpyIntel [72]
3 years ago
11

How do stomach acid and urine act as barriers to invading pathogens ?

Biology
1 answer:
NeX [460]3 years ago
5 0
Your body has a two-line defence system against pathogens (germs) that make you sick. Pathogens include bacteria<span>, viruses, toxins, </span>parasites<span> and </span><span>fungiA type of organism that isn’t a plant or an animal. Includes mushrooms, slimes, moulds and yeasts. Generally act as decomposers to break down material.</span><span>.</span>
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a phlebotomy technician has collected a neonatal screening card. which of the following actions should the technician take to pr
denpristay [2]

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place the card on a flat dry surface

8 0
3 years ago
How do derived characteristics affect cladograms?
Inessa [10]

Answer:

The Impact of Evolution

Darwin changed everything. The publication of his work on The Origin of Species in 1859, threw the whole of biological science into a new paradigm, including the study of classification theory and the principles of taxonomy.

While using logic as the basis of their work, both Aristotle and Linnaeus had developed their classification schemes on taxonomic principles that were fundamentally arbitrary. Their groups, while logical, were not based on any obvious relationships of a biological nature. They were convenient groups that humans could quickly see, identify and use.

This was acceptable because (a) no one could think of anything better, and (b) most people at the time believed in the 'fixed species' concept in which organism had been created in their current form and could never change.

After Darwin it was realized that organisms could indeed change, and that all current forms of living things had arrived at that form by change and natural selection, the mechanism of evolution. Scientists began to construct phylogenies, lists or diagrams that showed the evolutionary paths taken by populations of organisms through many generations and over long periods of time.

These phylogenetic diagrams quickly started to look like trees, as it was realized that ancestral stocks occasionally broke up, branched and became two or more different species, which could later branch again and again. A phylogenetic tree was a bit like a family tree, showing who the nearest relatives were and who shared a common ancestor, and when.

Organisms were related to one another, and these relationships could form the basis of a new type of taxonomy; on based on evolutionary origin and evolutionary relatedness.

Explanation:

The Impact of Evolution

Darwin changed everything. The publication of his work on The Origin of Species in 1859, threw the whole of biological science into a new paradigm, including the study of classification theory and the principles of taxonomy.

While using logic as the basis of their work, both Aristotle and Linnaeus had developed their classification schemes on taxonomic principles that were fundamentally arbitrary. Their groups, while logical, were not based on any obvious relationships of a biological nature. They were convenient groups that humans could quickly see, identify and use.

This was acceptable because (a) no one could think of anything better, and (b) most people at the time believed in the 'fixed species' concept in which organism had been created in their current form and could never change.

After Darwin it was realized that organisms could indeed change, and that all current forms of living things had arrived at that form by change and natural selection, the mechanism of evolution. Scientists began to construct phylogenies, lists or diagrams that showed the evolutionary paths taken by populations of organisms through many generations and over long periods of time.

These phylogenetic diagrams quickly started to look like trees, as it was realized that ancestral stocks occasionally broke up, branched and became two or more different species, which could later branch again and again. A phylogenetic tree was a bit like a family tree, showing who the nearest relatives were and who shared a common ancestor, and when.

Organisms were related to one another, and these relationships could form the basis of a new type of taxonomy; on based on evolutionary origin and evolutionary relatedness.

7 0
3 years ago
In liver cells, the inner mitochondrial membranes are about five times the area of the outer mitochondrial membranes. What purpo
m_a_m_a [10]

Answer:

Option (C).

Explanation:

Oxidative phosphorylation may be defined as the process of the production of ATP molecule by the use of enzyme and transfer of electrons from one complex to the other complex.

The liver cells has five times large surface area of inner mitochondrial membrane than the outer membrane. This increases the surface area of the inner mitochondrial membrane that increase the rate of the oxidative phosphorylation. The complexes of the electron transport chain is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Thus, the correct answer is option (C).

6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
--- are weakened virues or bacteria that prompt the development of antibodies but not the disease
hammer [34]

vaccines are weakened viruses or bacteria that prompt the body to develop antibodies to foght against disease

3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
A balance between gravity pulling atoms toward the center and gas pressure pushing heat and light away from the center is called
Mashutka [201]
<span>Equilibrium is your answer i believe.
</span>
4 0
3 years ago
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