The peoples of West Africa had rich and diverse histories and cultures centuries before Europeans arrived.
Before Imperialism, Africa was a very diverse land with hundreds of languages and cultures. Societies ranged from centralized government states, to village communities, to nomadic hunter-gatherer societies.
A European author stated : "Africa had no history prior to European exploration and colonization, that there is only the history of Europeans in Africa."
One of the most universal musical forms throughout West Africa is call and response music.
- Call and response refer to the phenomena of a call from someone and then an immediate reply from the listener. In the 'call and response music,' the solo singer raises the song, and then it is continued by the chorus. They also join the song as a response to the soloist.
- Call and response music forms a part of the roots of traditional music in Africa and is just like a congregation of singers in the church.
- In the current period, we can find traces of call and response music in various music forms like salsa, rumba, cha-cha-chá, and timba.
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