The <u>Full cost view of maintenance</u> takes into account such costs as deteriorated customer relations and lost sales.
a cost that an employer has when they employ someone, in addition to the cost of paying the person's salary or wages. cost is the amount or equivalent paid or charged for something .
Examples of costs are rent and lease costs, salaries, utility bills, insurance, and loan repayments.
Direct, indirect, fixed, and variable are the 4 main kinds of cost.
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Answer:
Economies of scale
Explanation:
Economies of scale refers to reducing total costs per unit by increasing total output. All companies have certain fixed costs, some companies have higher fixed costs than others, but they always exist. When you are producing something, the cost equation is production costs = variable costs per unit + average fixed costs per unit.
Variable costs vary directly with output, while fixed costs do not, e.g. salaries can be fixed, depreciation, rent, interests, etc. The higher the output, the lower the average fixed cost per unit.
Also, sometimes variable costs can also decrease as total output increases. E.g. you can get higher discounts for purchasing larger quantities of materials and supplies.
According to empirical research, in countries where stockholders' rights are strong, firms issue <u>More </u>stock than in countries where stockholders' rights are weak. Researchers conclude that strong stockholders' rights <u>reduce</u> moral hazard in stock markets.
<u>Explanation</u>
A <u>Moral hazard</u> is said to have occurred when one party (i.e insured Party) increases its exposure to risk ,because some other party bears the cost of those Risk.It reflects the tendency of a person to take more risk as the consequence of the risk taken has to be beard by some other party
<u>The moral hazard problem is </u><u>less </u><u> severe in bond markets than in stock markets. In addition, moral hazard arises in bond markets when firms issue bonds with high default risk.</u>
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So it is appropriate to say that , in countries where stockholders' rights are strong, firms issue <u>More </u>stock than in countries where stockholders' rights are weak. Researchers conclude that strong stockholders' rights <u>reduce</u> moral hazard in stock markets.
