Answer:
See below.
Explanation:
For a, first we calculate the credit multiplier of the economy,
Credit multiplier = 1 / reserve ratio
Credit multiplier = 1 / 0.25 = 4
This means that any change in money supply will be 4 times as much in the economy, hence to induce a change of $120 billion, the Fed will decrease the money supply by 120/4 = $30 billion. This will increase the interest rates just enough to stabilize aggregate demand.
For b, we again start by calculating the credit multiplier.
Credit multiplier = 1/0.10 = 10
Since the Fed want to stimulate investment, it needs to use an expansionary monetary policy.
The Fed thus increases the money supply by 150/10 = $15 billion.
This will have the total effect of 150 billion on the whole thus achieving the Fed's objectives.
Hope that helps.
Standardization and innovation play critical roles in the development of goods and services. Standardization allows for a stabilized starting point in which to move forward and develop other goods and services which is related to innovation. Standardization provides stability, a known factor which can be relied upon, whereas innovation is riskier and may not come to be successful endeavor. However, like all risk, that is the payoff for the investment in innovation, for if the innovative good or service can be successfully brought to market, the dividends for a payout can be well worth it.
There are a lot of ways to beautify the home. The people required to provide the landscaping services are considered is <u>Inputs</u>.
<h3>What is a landscaping person?
</h3>
- A landscaper is known to be a person who earns a living by working on the earth and water so that it can become more beautiful or more aesthetically pleasing.
They are often trained in landscaping as they work to improve the existing layout and as such they are known to be <u>input </u>as they are contributing something to the beauty of the landscape.
Learn more about designers from
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a) Internal consistency
Explanation:
The consistency of different items meant to measure the same thing within the test. An internal consistency contains a special case of reliability to split half, the scores of two halves of a single test are compared. This comparison of two tests tends to index reliability.