In his most famous piece of work, The Prince, Niccolò Machiavelli basically wrote a manual on the types of existing principalities, poiniting out the difference between each of them, on the foundations of power and, finally, on the norms of conduct that the one who aspires to be prince must adopt.
According to the author, it was not enough to achieve power; the prince should be able to keep it, and to do so, he would have to be respected by the people, acting accordingly to each circumstance, changing strategies as appropriate. The most famous saying that synthesizes the Machiavellian though is "The ends justify the means", which means that in order to remain in the custody of power (which would be the "end"), the prince is authorized to act in the most convenient manner, not necessarily needing to stick to rigid moral principles and ethical norms.
The term "carpetbaggers" refers to Northerners<span> who moved to the South after the Civil War, during Reconstruction. Many carpetbaggers were said to have moved South for their own financial and political gains. Scalawags were white </span>Southerners <span>who cooperated politically with black </span>freedmen<span> and Northern newcomers.</span>
World War II expanded African Americans' economic opportunities.
Due to the lack of manpower, since many men were in the front line, and with the country needing to increase its production to maintain the expenses of the war, World War II was a great opportunity for many African American enter the labor market in positions that until then were only obtained by white citizens.
Due to these reasons, from the entry of the United States into the war began the process called "Second Great Migration", by means of which many African American left their agricultural works to move to the northern cities of the country.
At the end of the Second Great Migration, African-Americans constituted a strongly urbanized group. More than 80% lived in cities and only 53% remained in the southern states of the USA, while 40% lived in the Northeast and the Great Lakes area and 7% in the West.
Although African Americans were offered jobs in the auxiliary industry during World War II they were often dangerous positions.
