Question

Which statement describes stage 4 of Kohlberg’s theory?

Answer 1

Answer:

b) Child shows respect for authority and maintains the social order

Explanation:

Lawrence Kohlberg was an American psychologist who proposed a theory of children's moral development. He suggests there are three levels of morality, each containing two stages; as explained below.

• Level I:  Preconventional morality: based on external control

                      Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Orientation

                                     - Obeys rules to avoid trouble/punishment.

                      Stage 2: Instrumental Orientation

                                     - Satisfying self's needs comes first and foremost

• Level II: Conventional morality:  based on social relationships and roles

                      Stage 3: Good Boy - Nice Girl Orientation

                                      - Looks for approval of others

                      Stage 4: Law-and-Order Orientation

                                      - Obeys the authority to maintain social order

• Level III: Postconventional morality: based on individual principles

                       Stage 5: Social Contract Orientation

                                      - Laws are perceived as rational and functional

                       Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principles

                                      - Self conscience and personal ethical principles

To answer the question, the statement "(b) Child shows respect for authority and maintains the social order." describes stage 4 of Kohlberg's theory.