The Second Crusade was started in response to the fall of the County of Edessa in 1144 to the forces of Zengi.
The alphabet is one of those influences.
The battle of Lexington and Concord
It ended with the exchange of ratifications of the Treaty of Ghent. In 1812, with President Madison in office, Congress declared war against the British. The war began with an attack on Canada, both as an effort to gain land and to cut off British supply lines to Tecumseh's Indian confederation, which had long troubled the US.
It didn't let discrimination in hotels, public spaces, restaurants, clubs, and trains and it was unconstitutional.
