Both the Renaissance and the Reformation challenged traditional thinking that had been dominated by church authorities for centuries. This set a pattern for the commitment to reasoning and inquiry that characterized the Scientific Revolution and then also the Enlightenment (which championed Scientific Revolution thinking).
Some details about the Renaissance:
- The rise of humanism in Italy is associated with the period in history, from the 14th to 16th centuries, that we call "The Renaissance." Renaissance means a rebirth -- and a big part of what was being reborn in the Italian Renaissance was the classical culture and scholarship of Greece and Rome. Scholars were unearthing many of the old writings of Greek and Roman philosophers, historians, and statesmen. These writings -- from pagan societies -- showed the deep thinking and great acts human beings were capable of prior to the rise of Christian society in Europe. This prompted humanist scholars in Italy (and elsewhere) to give focus to the full range of human capabilities -- in art, architecture, scholarship and writing, etc. Renaissance humanists began to question many of the church's traditional beliefs and practices. They re-framed thinking about human beings' status in God's world. Whereas church-dominated culture prior to the Renaissance focused mostly on the sinfulness and lowness of human beings in contrast to the greatness of God, the humanism of the Renaissance emphasized the greatness of human beings as God's creation. Individuals were encouraged to be all they could be, learn all they could learn, do all they could do as "Renaissance men."
Some details about the Protestant Reformation:
- The Protestant Reformation began with Martin Luther's posting of what are commonly called "The 95 Theses." Luther's theses for debate challenged the church's use of indulgences. Indulgences, by the authority of the pope, granted people the removal of penance owed in regard to their sins. Luther objected not only to the fact that these papers were being peddled for money, but questioned many of the doctrinal foundations behind the use of indulgences. As Luther continued his reform efforts, he protested not only indulgences, but the revering of relics, prayers to saints, the authority of the pope, and most especially, the church's teaching on how people become righteous in the eyes of God. Other reformers, such as Ulrich Zwingli and John Calvin, also became part of the Protestant Reformation activity.
I'll first explain what the non-aggression pact was. It was an agreement that the Soviet Union and Germany would take no military action against each other. To answer your question it is B. The pact was to make sure he could safely attack Poland.
Geologic processes that shape the Earth are cyclical. Geologic processes are only similar in if they occur in the same area.
The history of capitalism is marked by important displacements of human groups that have seen the need to leave their traditional places of settlement to go to where the needs of the accumulation of capital have summoned them. True, migrations predate much of the history of capitalism, but with this the spatial mobility of men takes on dimensions that were previously unknown.
The United States is a country made up of migrants and migrants. Those who came through the Bering Strait, those who arrived from Europe, those who came from Asia, those who had their origin in the south. Those who arrived, continue and will continue to arrive from all over the world. Those who made it multinational and multicultural. This country is the product of a long history of multiple migratory phases, many of them overlapping, which produce a highly heterogeneous panorama.
The migration process, brought with it, new ideas, and new processes that helped the industrialization of the USA, and as mensona previously, this group of migrants transformed the new nation into a cosmopolitan and multicultural nation
