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The question is worded a bit strangely (in my opinion anyway), but I think your teacher wants you to describe how exponents work.
Let's say we had the expression 
The base is 5 as its the bottom most value (think of something like the base of a tree or building). The exponent is 3.
The exponent of 3 tells the reader to multiply the base 5 by itself 3 times like so

With larger exponents, it becomes more tedious to write out all the repeated multiplications, which is why many calculators have an exponent button to save time.
Answer:
The t distribution is used, because we have the standard deviation for the sample.
Step-by-step explanation:
When to use the z or the t distribution?
When we have the standard deviation for the population, we use the z distribution.
When we have the standard deviation for the sample, we use the t distribution.
In this question:
We have the standard deviation for the sample, which means that the t distribution is used.
I think it's D. I will admit that I'm an educated guess.