Preemption
This doctrine is centered around the attempt to repel or defeat a perceived imminent offensive or invasion. The aim is to gain a strategic advantage in an impending (allegedly unavoidable) conflict shortly before it materializes into a crisis. Its principles include unilateralism and the use of preventative war.
Answer: In the 10th century Prince Vladimir I, who was converted by missionaries from Byzantium, adopted Christianity as the official religion for Russia, and for nearly 1,000 years thereafter the Russian Orthodox church was the country's dominant religious institution.
Russian Orthodox church
Answer:
Seward refusing to protest Alexander II's destruction of the Polish uprising
Woodrow Wilson's initial apprehesnion at joining WW1
Extra example: Franklin Roosevelt's refusal to overtly join the Allied Powers in early WW2.
