The original purpose was similar to the purpose it has today. I think the words criminal justice system speaks for itself. A criminal justice system is made for criminal justice. Criminals are people who violate a systems laws and regulations. This harms not only others but a created system of regulation itself. There has to be justice for criminals- this really benefits them in the end.
This depends on who you consider to be the author. If the author in your case would be a famous old historian, then they would probably marvel at the architectural accomplishments of ancient Rome and how they were able to create such magnificent structures in such a short amount of time.
because its 2018 people what do you expect