Answer:
Nephrons in birds, mammals, and reptiles are all extremely similar, more so than other structures in the bodies of different species, solidifying the relatedness through similarity.
Explanation:
Birds can be said to have "mammal-like" nephrons from the number of loops and overall structure of their kidneys, which, although they look very different, serve the same purpose and do it in largely the same way. Reptiles also have mammal-like nephrons, and it can be assumed that this evolutionary trait was kept because the specific structure of the nephrons is generally the most efficient.
Answer:
Typically in mammals, the gender of an organism is determined by the sex chromosomes. In the case of humans, this happens to be the X and the Y chromosomes. So as you may recall, if you are XX, you are female. If you are XY, you are male.
Hi! glycolipids and glycoproteins are important Because it helps to stabilise membrane structure.
It is true that telomerase activity declines with old age which explains why cells lose their ability to divide after many replications.
Telomeres are DNA–protein complexes found at the ends of each chromosome they contain repetitive sequences of DNA. Telomeres protect the genome from nucleic bases degradation, unnecessary recombination, repair, and prevent the fusion of chromosomes. Telomeres, therefore, play a vital role in preserving the information in our genome.
Telomeres shorten with every consecutive DNA replication cycle limiting the number of cell divisions a cell can undergo, Telomeres act as a tumor suppressor by halting the replication of cells which contains several mutations after many division cycles.
To learn more about tumor suppressors here
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