Not to be too picky, but the question ought to say a positively charge ion rather than atom.
I will assume that is what you mean. An ion, using ordinary means, will be positive if it loses electrons (which are negative).
An ion can never gain protons. Left alone, the nucleus will remain unchanged for the rest of eternity. D is wrong.
C is wrong. If electrons are gained, the ion will go negative.
B is wrong for the same reason D is. An ion can't gain protons and it can't lose them.
A is the answer.
A phenomenon, in the scientific context, is an observable event that can range from a seasonal hazard to a technological issue. For a scientist, a phenomenon is an observable event.
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considered what? the question was not finished
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A limiting factor is anything that constrains a population's size and slows or stops it from growing. Some examples of limiting factors are biotic, like food, mates, and competition with other organisms for resources.
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