Answer:
Rosa Luxemburg wrote in The Junius Pamphlet (1915) that the Social Democrats across Europe failed to block their nation's governments because they were docile and showed weakness, there was a waning of their fighting spirit.
Explanation:
Rosa Luxemburg (1871-1919), a prominent Marxist intellectual in Germany said that the Social Democrats failed to stop the governments of Europe from going to war, especially because the Marxist leaders had lost their fighting spirit (Luxemburg, Julius Pamphlet, 1915). The consequence is that the bourgeois state and the dominant classes were able to maintain their control of the state and institutions at the expense of the people of Europe who had to endure the war. Luxemburg said the European Left should see the war as a test of strength and that the Social Democrats need to learn how to be protagonists instead of a "will-less football," (Chapter 1, The Julius Pamphlet). Luxemburg believed the party needed to take control of their own fate and history if their view of society was to prevail. It is known through other speeches and writing that Luxemburg believed the Social Democrats had become overly bureaucratized and the trade unions in Germany resisted the idea of revolution.
Answer:
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Eugene McCarthy was a United States senator in the 1950s and 1960s. He ran for president in the American presidential election of 1968. McCarthy strongly opposed the Vietnam War and America's involvement in it. McCarthy challenged President Johnson for the Democratic nomination, gaining the support of many Democratic Americans. McCarthy also encouraged Robert Kennedy to enter the presidential race.
McCarthy was very popular due to his opinions and the policies he wanted to spread, and he gained popularity with prominent figures such as Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. This surge in popularity led to a split in the Democratic party with only half of the party supporting McCarthy and the other half supporting Johnson. McCarthy was committed to the young people.
Many of Johnson's values lay on the fact that American moral values were deteriorating, which was a sentiment that many Democratic Americans could agree with. McCarthy accused the Johnson administration of being unwilling to negotiate with the North Vietnamese and criticized their efforts, gaining major support from Americans who believed that America shouldn't be involved in the war at all.
