1. Introduction
A.Hook
B.General discussion of the topic
C.Thesis statement
2.First item
A.Topic sentence
B.Evidence
C.Conclusion
3.Second item
A.Topic sentence
B.Evidence
C.Conclusion
4.Conclusion
A.Restate the thesis statement
B.General summary of the essay
C.Strong concluding sentence
The term that would best fit as the opposition of an argument would be a "counterclaim." By definition, a counterclaim is a term used to describe a claim wherein it serves as a "rebut" from the person that is the subject of the accusation. It is of course defined in the constitution, that the accused has the right to defend himself/herself thus making a counterclaim.