The fly species Drosophila santomea is found only on a single small island. Thus, this fly is considered to be "Endemic".
Answer: option A - denature
Explanation:
Microbial control agents are KNOWN to DENATURE cell proteins as a step in pathology of many diseases.
And because PROTEINS ACTIVITY depends on their three dimensional configuration, microbe attack and BREAK the bond in order to penetrate the cell membrane.
So, the ONLY right option is A