A bulk reducing industry is an industry in which the input materials weighs more than the final product. An example could be mining, smelting and refining an ore.
Answer:
The debt-to-equity ratio should be between 1 and 1.5. However, because some sectors use more debt financing than others, the appropriate debt to equity ratio will vary by industry. Capital-intensive industries, such as finance and manufacturing, sometimes have higher ratios of more than 2.
Answer:
New GPP 
kcal/m2
Explanation:
Given -
Number of new trees planted 
Before planting new trees, the gross annual primary productivity of a particular wetland ecosystem 
kcal/m2
The increase in gross primary productivity 
%
The new GPP will be equal to
Existing GPP + 
% of Existing GPP
Substituting the given values, we get -
New GPP kcal/m2
If the soil is replaced after a strip mining it will help in restoring the environment, but it is not a quick or easy process. For the environment to be restored in a similar way that it was before the strip mining, it will take decades, and that will only happen if the institutions, the green organizations and the locals, collaborate with each other, and make a very detailed plan are put it in practice. Also the place will need to be planted with the same types of plants, the same types of animals will need to be brought back, and the numbers of both plants and animals will have to be carefully managed, so that the ecosystem is similar to what it was.
